1. Mapangidwe ndi zigawo zikuluzikulu za kupopera utoto zinyalala gasi
Kupaka utoto kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pamakina, magalimoto, zida zamagetsi, zida zapakhomo, zombo, mipando ndi mafakitale ena.
Utoto wa zopangira —— utoto umapangidwa ndi zinthu zosasunthika komanso zosasunthika, zosasunthika kuphatikiza zinthu za filimu ndi chinthu chothandizira filimu, wothandizila wosungunuka amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti achepetse utoto, kuti akwaniritse cholinga cha utoto wosalala komanso wokongola.
The utoto utsi ndondomeko makamaka umabala utoto nkhungu ndi organic zinyalala kuipitsidwa kwa mpweya, utoto pansi zochita za kuthamanga kwambiri mu particles, pamene kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa, mbali ya utoto silinafike kutsitsi pamwamba, kufalikira ndi airflow kupanga utoto nkhungu; organic zinyalala mpweya kuchokera volatilization wa diluent, zosungunulira organic si Ufumuyo pa utoto pamwamba, utoto ndi kuchiritsa ndondomeko adzamasula organic zinyalala mpweya (anati mazana kosakhazikika organic mankhwala, motero ndi alkane, alkanes, olefin, onunkhira mankhwala, mowa, aldehyde, ketoni, ester pawiri, ester).
2. Gwero ndi makhalidwe a galimoto ❖ kuyanika utsi mpweya mpweya
Msonkhano wopenta wagalimoto uyenera kupangira utoto, electrophoresis ndi utoto wopopera pa workpiece. Njira yopaka utoto imaphatikizapo kupenta, kutulutsa ndi kuyanika, munjira izi zimatulutsa mpweya wotayirira (VOCs) ndi kupopera mankhwala, chifukwa chake njirazi zimafunikira kupopera mankhwala azinyalala m'chipinda cha penti.
(1) Gasi wotayira kuchokera mchipinda chopopera utoto
Pofuna kusunga malo ogwirira ntchito popopera mankhwala, malinga ndi zomwe zili mu Labor Safety and Health Law, mpweya uyenera kusinthidwa mosalekeza m'chipinda chopopera mankhwala, ndipo liwiro la kusintha kwa mpweya liyenera kuyendetsedwa mkati mwa (0.25 ~ 1) m / s. The zikuchokera waukulu mpweya utsi mpweya ndi zosungunulira organic wa kutsitsi utoto, zigawo zikuluzikulu zake ndi onunkhira hydrocarbons (atatu benzene ndi sanali methane okwana hydrocarbon), mowa etha, ester organic zosungunulira, chifukwa utsi voliyumu ya chipinda utsi ndi lalikulu kwambiri, kotero ndende okwana wa organic zinyalala mpweya kutayidwa ndi otsika kwambiri, nthawi zambiri pafupifupi 3 mg/m3. Kuphatikiza apo, utsi wa chipinda chopaka utoto nthawi zambiri umakhala ndi chifunga chopanda utoto chosasamalidwa, makamaka chipinda chopopera utoto chowuma, chifunga cha utoto mu utsi, chikhoza kukhala cholepheretsa kuwononga gasi, chithandizo cha gasi wotayidwa chiyenera kukhala choyambirira.
(2) Mpweya wotayira m’chipinda chowumira
Nkhope utoto pambuyo kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa isanayambe kuyanika, ndikufuna kuyenda mpweya, chonyowa utoto filimu organic zosungunulira m`kati kuyanika kosakhazikika, pofuna kupewa mpweya m`nyumba organic zosungunulira aggregation ngozi kuphulika, mpweya chipinda ayenera mosalekeza mpweya, kusintha liwiro la mpweya zambiri kulamulira padziko 0,2 m / s, utsi utsi zikuchokera ndi utoto chipinda utsi si muli ndende zosungunulira m'mimba, koma utsi si muli okwana ndende zosungunulira m'malo organic utoto utsi, koma utsi sikhala ndi mpweya ndende m'malo organic utoto. chipinda, malinga ndi utsi voliyumu, nthawi zambiri mu chipinda utsi utsi ndende mpweya pafupifupi 2 zina, akhoza kufika 300 mg/m3, kawirikawiri wothira utsi chipinda utsi pambuyo centralized mankhwala. Komanso, penti chipinda, pamwamba penti zimbudzi kufalitsidwa dziwe ayeneranso kutulutsa ofanana organic zinyalala mpweya.
(3)Dmpweya wotulutsa mpweya
The zikuchokera kuyanika zinyalala mpweya ndi zovuta, kuwonjezera pa zosungunulira organic, mbali ya plasticizer kapena utomoni monoma ndi zigawo zina kosakhazikika, komanso lili matenthedwe mankhwala kuwola, anachita mankhwala. Electrophoretic primer ndi zosungunulira zamtundu wa topcoat zowumitsa zimakhala ndi mpweya wotuluka, koma mawonekedwe ake ndi kusiyana kwake ndi kwakukulu.
※Zowopsa za gasi wopopera utoto:
Amadziwika kuchokera kusanthula kuti mpweya zinyalala ku utsi chipinda, kuyanika chipinda, utoto kusanganikirana chipinda ndi topface utoto chimbudzi mankhwala chipinda ndi otsika ndende ndi otaya lalikulu, ndipo zigawo zikuluzikulu za zoipitsa ndi onunkhira hydrocarbons, mowa ethers ndi ester organic solvents. Malinga ndi "Comprehensive Emission Standard for Air Pollution", kuchuluka kwa gasi wotayidwa nthawi zambiri kumakhala mkati mwa malire otulutsa. Kuti athe kuthana ndi zomwe zimafunikira pamlingo womwewo, mafakitale ambiri amagalimoto amatengera njira yotulutsa mpweya wokwera kwambiri. Ngakhale njira imeneyi akhoza kukwaniritsa mfundo panopa umuna, koma mpweya zinyalala kwenikweni osathandizidwa kuchepetsedwa umuna, ndi kuchuluka kwa mpweya zoipitsa kutayidwa ndi lalikulu thupi ❖ kuyanika mzere kungakhale mkulu ngati mazana a matani, zomwe zimabweretsa mavuto aakulu kwambiri mlengalenga.
Utoto chifunga mu zosungunulira organic - benzene, toluene, xylene ndi amphamvu poizoni zosungunulira, ntchito kwa mpweya mu msonkhano, ogwira ntchito pambuyo kupuma thirakiti mpweya kungayambitse pachimake ndi aakulu poizoni, makamaka kuwononga chapakati mantha dongosolo hematopoietic, yochepa inhalation mkulu ndende (kuposa 1500 mg/m3 amayambitsa magazi m'thupi, otsika magazi m'thupi la benzene mpweya wochepa, mpweya wochepa mpweya wochepa, mpweya wochepa wa benzene mpweya wochepa). Mpweya wa benzene ungayambitsenso kusanza, zizindikiro za minyewa monga chisokonezo.
※Kusankha njira yochizira gasi wotayirira popaka utoto ndi zokutira:
Posankha njira zochizira organic, zinthu zotsatirazi ziyenera kuganiziridwa mofala: mtundu ndi kuchuluka kwa zowononga zachilengedwe, kutentha kwa utsi ndi kutulutsa kwamadzi, kuchuluka kwa zinthu, komanso kuchuluka kwa zowononga zomwe zikuyenera kukwaniritsidwa.
1Spempherani utoto kutentha kutentha
The utsi mpweya ku chipinda chopenta, kuyanika chipinda, utoto kusakaniza chipinda ndi topcoat zimbudzi zimbudzi chipinda ndi chipinda kutentha utsi mpweya wa otsika ndende ndi otaya lalikulu, ndipo zikuchokera waukulu wa zoipitsa ndi onunkhira hydrocarbons, mowa ndi ethers ndi ester organic solvents. Malinga ndi GB16297 "Comprehensive Emission Standard for Air Pollution", kuchuluka kwa gasi wotayirira nthawi zambiri kumakhala mkati mwa malire otulutsa. Kuti athe kuthana ndi zomwe zimafunikira pamlingo womwewo, mafakitale ambiri amagalimoto amatengera njira yotulutsa mpweya wokwera kwambiri. Ngakhale njira imeneyi akhoza kukwaniritsa mfundo panopa umuna, koma zinyalala mpweya kwenikweni kuchepetsedwa umuna popanda mankhwala, ndi okwana kuchuluka kwa mpweya zoipitsa kutulutsidwa ndi lalikulu thupi ❖ kuyanika mzere kungakhale mkulu ngati mazana a matani, zomwe zimayambitsa mavuto aakulu kwambiri mlengalenga.
Pofuna kuchepetsa utsi wa mpweya woipa, njira zingapo zothandizira gasi zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito limodzi pochiza, koma mtengo wamankhwala otulutsa mpweya wokhala ndi mpweya wambiri ndi wokwera kwambiri. Pakalipano, njira yowonjezereka yachilendo ndiyoyamba kuyang'ana (ndi gudumu la adsorption-desorption kuti likhazikitse kuchuluka kwa nthawi pafupifupi 15), kuti muchepetse ndalama zonse zomwe ziyenera kuchitidwa, ndikugwiritsanso ntchito njira yowononga kuti muwononge mpweya wotayirira. Pali njira zofananira ku China, njira yoyamba yogwiritsira ntchito adsorption (yoyambitsa kaboni kapena zeolite ngati adsorbent) chifukwa cha ndende yotsika, kutentha kwachipinda kutentha kutsitsi zinyalala mpweya adsorption, ndi kutentha mpweya desorption, anaikira zinyalala mpweya ntchito catalytic kuyaka kapena regenerative matenthedwe kuyaka njira mankhwala. Otsika ndende, yachibadwa kutentha kutsitsi utoto zinyalala gasi kwachilengedwenso mankhwala njira ikupangidwa, luso zoweta pakali pano si okhwima, koma m'pofunika kulabadira. Kuti tichepetse kwenikweni kuipitsidwa kwa anthu opaka zinyalala za gasi, tifunikanso kuthetsa vutoli kuchokera kugwero, monga kugwiritsa ntchito makapu ozungulira a electrostatic ndi njira zina zowongolera kuchuluka kwa zokutira, kupanga zokutira zotengera madzi ndi zokutira zina zoteteza chilengedwe.
2Dringing zinyalala mankhwala
Kuyanika zinyalala mpweya ndi sing'anga ndi mkulu ndende ya mkulu kutentha zinyalala mpweya, oyenera kuyaka njira mankhwala. The kuyaka anachita ndi magawo atatu zofunika: nthawi, kutentha, chisokonezo, ndiko, kuyaka kwa 3T zinthu. Kuchita bwino kwa mankhwala owononga gasi ndikokwanira kuchuluka kwa momwe kuyaka kumayendera ndipo zimatengera kuwongolera kwa 3T komwe kumayendera. RTO imatha kuwongolera kutentha kwamoto (820 ~ 900 ℃) ndi nthawi yotsalira (1.0 ~ 1.2s), ndikuwonetsetsa kuti kusokonezeka koyenera (mpweya ndi zinthu zamoyo zimasakanizidwa bwino), kugwiritsa ntchito bwino kwamankhwala kumafika 99%, ndipo kutentha kwa zinyalala kumakhala kwakukulu, ndipo kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zamagetsi kumakhala kochepa. Mafakitale ambiri amagalimoto aku Japan ku Japan ndi China nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito RTO kuti athetse mpweya wowumitsa (zoyambira, zokutira zapakati, kuyanika malaya apamwamba). Mwachitsanzo, Dongfeng Nissan okwera galimoto Huadu ❖ kuyanika mzere ntchito RTO chapakati mankhwala ❖ kuyanika kuyanika utsi mpweya zotsatira ndi zabwino kwambiri, mokwanira kukwaniritsa zofunika malamulo umuna. Komabe, chifukwa chakuchulukirachulukira kwa nthawi imodzi kwa zida zopangira gasi wa RTO, sizotsika mtengo pakuwongolera gasi wowonongeka ndikuyenda kwa gasi wotayirira pang'ono.
Pa mzere wopanga zokutira womalizidwa, pamene zida zowonjezera zowonjezera gasi zikufunika, njira yoyatsira moto ndi njira yosinthira matenthedwe angagwiritsidwe ntchito. Dongosolo la kuyaka kothandizira lili ndi ndalama zochepa komanso kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zochepa.
Nthawi zambiri, kugwiritsa ntchito / platinamu ngati chothandizira kumatha kuchepetsa kutentha kwa oxidizing kwambiri organic zinyalala mpweya pafupifupi 315 ℃. Catalytic kuyaka dongosolo angagwiritsidwe ntchito ambiri kuyanika zinyalala mankhwala zinyalala, makamaka oyenera kuyanika magetsi ntchito nthawi Kutentha magetsi, vuto lilipo ndi mmene kupewa kulephera chothandizira poizoni. Kuchokera pazidziwitso za ena ogwiritsa ntchito, chifukwa cha penti yowumitsa zinyalala, pakuwonjezera kusefera kwa zinyalala ndi njira zina, zitha kuwonetsetsa kuti moyo wa chothandizira ndi zaka 3 ~ 5; Electrophoretic utoto kuyanika zinyalala gasi n'zosavuta kuyambitsa chothandizira poizoni, choncho mankhwala electrophoretic utoto kuyanika zinyalala mpweya ayenera kusamala pogwiritsa ntchito kuyaka catalytic. Mu ndondomeko ya zinyalala gasi chithandizo ndi kusintha kwa Dongfeng malonda galimoto ❖ kuyanika mzere mzere, zinyalala mpweya wa electrophoretic primer kuyanika amathandizidwa ndi RTO njira, ndi mpweya wotayidwa pamwamba kuyanika utoto amathandizidwa ndi chothandizira kuyaka njira, ndipo ntchito zotsatira zabwino.
※Njira yochizira gasi wopopera utoto wopaka utoto:
Kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa zinyalala gasi dongosolo makamaka ntchito kupenta kupenta zinyalala m'chipinda mankhwala zinyalala, mipando fakitale zinyalala gasi, makina opanga makina zinyalala mafuta zinyalala, guardrail fakitale mankhwala zinyalala gasi, kupanga magalimoto ndi galimoto 4S shopu kupopera penti zinyalala chipinda mankhwala zinyalala gasi. Pakalipano, pali njira zosiyanasiyana zochizira, monga: njira ya condensation, njira yoyamwitsa, njira yoyaka moto, njira yothandizira, njira ya adsorption, njira yachilengedwe ndi njira ya ion.
1. Wnjira ya ater spray + activated carbon adsorption ndi desorption + catalytic combustion
Kugwiritsa ntchito kutsitsi nsanja kuchotsa utoto nkhungu ndi sungunuka m'madzi zakuthupi, pambuyo fyuluta youma, mu adamulowetsa mpweya adsorption chipangizo, monga adamulowetsa mpweya adsorption zonse, ndiye anavula (kuvula njira ndi nthunzi yovula, Kutentha kwa magetsi, nayitrogeni amavula), pambuyo vula gasi ( ndende kuchuluka nthawi zambiri) ndi kuvundukula zimakupiza mu kaboni combus combus, combolytic madzi combols, combolytic madzi. pambuyo kutulutsidwa.
2. Water spray + activated carbon adsorption ndi desorption + condensation recovery method
Kugwiritsa ntchito kutsitsi nsanja kuchotsa utoto nkhungu ndi sungunuka m'madzi zakuthupi, pambuyo youma fyuluta, mu adamulowetsa mpweya adsorption chipangizo, monga adamulowetsa mpweya adsorption zonse, ndiye kuti amavula (kuvula njira ndi nthunzi amavula, Kutentha magetsi, nayitrogeni kuvundukula), pambuyo pokonza zinyalala mpweya adsorption ndende condensation, condensate kuchira wapatali ndi organic nkhani. Njirayi imagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza gasi wowononga kwambiri, kutentha kochepa komanso mpweya wochepa. Koma njira imeneyi ndalama, kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zambiri, mtengo ntchito, kupopera utoto utsi mpweya mpweya "atatu benzene" ndi zina mpweya ndende ndende zambiri m'munsi kuposa 300 mg/m3, otsika ndende, lalikulu mpweya voliyumu (galimoto kupanga utoto utoto msonkhano mpweya voliyumu nthawi zambiri pamwamba 100000), komanso chifukwa ❖ kuyanika galimoto utsi utsi, organic zosungunulira zosungunulira n'kosavuta kugwiritsira ntchito organic zosungunulira zosungunulira n'kosavuta kutulutsa. ❖ kuyanika mu mankhwala zinyalala gasi zambiri musagwiritse ntchito njira imeneyi.
3. WAste gasi adsorption njira
Utsi wothira zinyalala gasi mankhwala adsorption akhoza kugawidwa mu mankhwala adsorption ndi thupi adsorption, koma "atatu benzene" zinyalala mpweya ntchito ndi otsika, nthawi zambiri musagwiritse ntchito mayamwidwe mankhwala. Madzi omwe amayamwa thupi amayamwa pang'ono, ndipo amayamwa zigawo zomwe zimalumikizana kwambiri kuti zitenthetse, kuziziziritsa ndikugwiritsanso ntchito kuwunikanso mayamwidwe. Njirayi imagwiritsidwa ntchito pochotsa mpweya, kutentha pang'ono, komanso kutsika kochepa. Kuyikako kumakhala kovuta, ndalamazo ndi zazikulu, kusankha kwamadzimadzi ndikovuta, pali kuipitsidwa kuwiri.
4. Activated carbon adsorption + UV photocatalytic oxidation zida
(1): mwachindunji kudzera adamulowetsa mpweya mwachindunji adsorption wa organic mpweya, kukwaniritsa mlingo kuyeretsedwa 95%, zida zosavuta, ndalama yaing'ono, ntchito yabwino, koma nthawi zambiri m'malo adamulowetsa mpweya, otsika ndende ya zoipitsa, palibe kuchira.
5.Aactivated carbon adsorption + zida zotsika kwambiri za plasma
Pambuyo adamulowetsa mpweya adsorption choyamba, ndiye ndi otsika kutentha plasma zida processing zinyalala mpweya, adzachitira muyezo wa kukhetsa mpweya, ion njira ndi kugwiritsa ntchito plasma Plasma (ION plasma) kuwonongeka kwa organic zinyalala mpweya, kuchotsa kununkha, kupha mabakiteriya, mavairasi, kuyeretsa mpweya ndi mkulu-chatekinoloje kufananitsa mayiko, otchedwa akatswiri a m'zaka za m'ma 2000 m'zaka za m'ma 20 Chinsinsi chaukadaulo ndi kutulutsa kwamphamvu kwamphamvu kwapakati pa pulse medium block monga kuchuluka kwa oxygen yogwira (plasma), kuyambitsa kwa gasi, kutulutsa mitundu yonse yamitundu yosiyanasiyana yaulere, monga OH, HO2, O, etc., benzene, toluene, xylene, ammonia, alkane ndi zina zowononga zinyalala za organic ndi zina, kupeŵa mankhwala osokoneza bongo, oxid ndi poizoni ena, kupeŵa mankhwala osokoneza bongo, oxid ndi zina. yachiwiri kuipitsa. Ukadaulo umakhala ndi mawonekedwe otsika kwambiri ogwiritsira ntchito mphamvu, malo ang'onoang'ono, ntchito yosavuta ndi kukonza, ndipo ndi yoyenera kwambiri pochiza mipweya yamagulu osiyanasiyana.
Bmwachidule mwachidule:
Tsopano pali mitundu yambiri ya njira zochizira pamsika, kuti tikwaniritse miyezo yamankhwala adziko lonse komanso am'deralo, nthawi zambiri tidzasankha njira zingapo zamankhwala zophatikizidwira kuti tithane ndi gasi wonyansa, kusankha mogwirizana ndi njira yawo yeniyeni yochizira chithandizo.
Nthawi yotumiza: Dec-28-2022
