1. Mapangidwe ndi zigawo zikuluzikulu za kupopera utoto zinyalala gasi
Kupaka utoto kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pamakina, magalimoto, zida zamagetsi, zida zapakhomo, zombo, mipando ndi mafakitale ena.
Utoto wa zopangira —— utoto umapangidwa ndi zinthu zosasunthika komanso zosasunthika, zosasunthika kuphatikiza zinthu za filimu ndi chinthu chothandizira filimu, wothandizila wosungunuka amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti achepetse utoto, kuti akwaniritse cholinga cha utoto wosalala komanso wokongola.
The utoto utsi ndondomeko makamaka umabala utoto nkhungu ndi organic zinyalala kuipitsidwa kwa mpweya, utoto pansi zochita za kuthamanga kwambiri mu particles, pamene kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa, mbali ya utoto silinafike kutsitsi pamwamba, kufalikira ndi airflow kupanga utoto nkhungu; organic zinyalala mpweya kuchokera volatilization wa diluent, zosungunulira organic si Ufumuyo penti pamwamba, utoto ndi kuchiritsa ndondomeko adzamasula organic zinyalala mpweya (anati mazana kosakhazikika organic mankhwala, motero ndi alkane, alkanes, olefin, mankhwala onunkhira, mowa, aldehyde, ketoni, ester, ether, ndi mankhwala ena).
2. Gwero ndi makhalidwe a galimoto ❖ kuyanika utsi mpweya mpweya
Msonkhano wopenta wagalimoto uyenera kupangira utoto, electrophoresis ndi utoto wopopera pa workpiece. Njira yopaka utoto imaphatikizapo kupenta, kutulutsa ndi kuyanika, munjira izi zimatulutsa mpweya wotayirira (VOCs) ndi kupopera mankhwala, chifukwa chake njirazi zimafunikira kupopera mankhwala azinyalala m'chipinda cha penti.
(1) Gasi wotayira kuchokera mchipinda chopopera utoto
Pofuna kusunga malo opoperapo mankhwala, malinga ndi zomwe zili mu Labor Safety and Health Law, mpweya uyenera kusinthidwa mosalekeza m'chipinda chopoperapo mankhwala, ndipo kuthamanga kwa mpweya kuyenera kuwongoleredwa mkati mwa (0.25 ~ 1). ) Ms. The zikuchokera waukulu mpweya utsi mpweya ndi zosungunulira organic wa utoto kutsitsi, zigawo zake zazikulu ndi onunkhira hydrocarbons (atatu benzene ndi non-methane okwana hydrocarbon), mowa etha, ester organic zosungunulira, chifukwa voliyumu utsi wa chipinda kupopera kwambiri. lalikulu, kotero ndende okwana wa organic zinyalala mpweya kutayidwa ndi otsika kwambiri, kawirikawiri pafupifupi 100 mg/m3. Kuphatikiza apo, utsi wa chipinda chopenta nthawi zambiri umakhala ndi chifunga chaching'ono chosasamalidwa bwino, makamaka chipinda chopopera chowuma chowuma, chifunga cha utoto mu utsi, chikhoza kukhala cholepheretsa kuwononga gasi, chithandizo chamafuta otayira kuyenera kukhala. chithandizo.
(2) Mpweya wotayira m’chipinda chowumira
Nkhope utoto pambuyo kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa musanayambe kuyanika, amafuna kuyenda mpweya, chonyowa utoto filimu organic zosungunulira m`kati kuyanika kosakhazikika, pofuna kupewa mpweya m`nyumba organic zosungunulira aggregation ngozi kuphulika, mpweya chipinda ayenera mosalekeza mpweya, kusintha liwiro la mpweya zambiri kulamulira mozungulira. 0,2 m/s, utsi utsi zikuchokera ndi utoto chipinda utsi zikuchokera, koma mulibe utoto nkhungu, okwana ndende ya organic zinyalala mpweya kuposa chipinda utsi, malinga ndi utsi voliyumu, zambiri mu chipinda utsi utsi ndende ndende ya mpweya pafupifupi 2 nthawi, imatha kufika 300 mg/m3, nthawi zambiri imasakanizidwa ndi utsi wa chipinda chopopera pambuyo pa chithandizo chapakati. Komanso, penti chipinda, pamwamba penti zimbudzi kufalitsidwa dziwe ayeneranso kutulutsa ofanana organic zinyalala mpweya.
(3)Dmpweya wotulutsa mpweya
The zikuchokera kuyanika zinyalala mpweya ndi zovuta, kuwonjezera pa zosungunulira organic, mbali ya plasticizer kapena utomoni monoma ndi zigawo zina kosakhazikika, komanso lili matenthedwe mankhwala kuwola, anachita mankhwala. Electrophoretic primer ndi zosungunulira zamtundu wa topcoat zowumitsa zimakhala ndi mpweya wotuluka, koma mawonekedwe ake ndi kusiyana kwake ndi kwakukulu.
※Zowopsa za gasi wopopera utoto:
Amadziwika kuchokera kusanthula kuti gasi zinyalala ku chipinda utsi, kuyanika chipinda, utoto kusakaniza chipinda ndi topface utoto penti mankhwala zimbudzi chipinda ndi otsika ndende ndi otaya lalikulu, ndipo zigawo zikuluzikulu za zoipitsa ndi onunkhira hydrocarbons, mowa ethers ndi ester organic. zosungunulira. Malinga ndi "Comprehensive Emission Standard for Air Pollution", kuchuluka kwa gasi wotayidwa nthawi zambiri kumakhala mkati mwa malire otulutsa. Kuti athe kuthana ndi zomwe zimafunikira pamlingo womwewo, mafakitale ambiri amagalimoto amatengera njira yotulutsa mpweya wokwera kwambiri. Ngakhale njira imeneyi akhoza kukwaniritsa mfundo panopa umuna, koma mpweya zinyalala kwenikweni osathandizidwa kuchepetsedwa umuna, ndi kuchuluka kwa mpweya zoipitsa kutayidwa ndi lalikulu thupi ❖ kuyanika mzere kungakhale mkulu ngati mazana a matani, zomwe zimabweretsa mavuto aakulu kwa mpweya.
Paint chifunga mu zosungunulira organic -- benzene, toluene, xylene ndi amphamvu poizoni zosungunulira, ntchito mpweya mu msonkhano, ogwira ntchito kupuma thirakiti mpweya kungayambitse pachimake ndi aakulu poizoni, makamaka kuwononga chapakati mantha dongosolo hematopoietic. , kupuma kwakanthawi kochepa (kuposa 1500 mg/m3) kwa nthunzi ya benzene, kungayambitse kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi, nthawi zambiri kutulutsa mpweya wochepa wa benzene kungayambitsenso kusanza, zizindikiro za ubongo monga chisokonezo.
※Kusankha njira yochizira gasi wotayirira popaka utoto ndi zokutira:
Posankha njira zochizira organic, zinthu zotsatirazi ziyenera kuganiziridwa mofala: mtundu ndi kuchuluka kwa zowononga zachilengedwe, kutentha kwa utsi ndi kutulutsa kwamadzi, kuchuluka kwa zinthu, komanso kuchuluka kwa zowononga zomwe zikuyenera kukwaniritsidwa.
1Spempherani utoto kutentha kutentha
Mpweya wotuluka m'chipinda chojambula, chipinda chowumitsira, chipinda chosakaniza utoto ndi chipinda chosungiramo zimbudzi za topcoat ndi chipinda chotenthetsera kutentha kwa mpweya wapansi ndi kutuluka kwakukulu, ndipo gawo lalikulu la zoipitsa ndi ma hydrocarbon onunkhira, mowa ndi ethers ndi ester organic solvents. . Malinga ndi GB16297 "Comprehensive Emission Standard for Air Pollution", kuchuluka kwa gasi wotayirira nthawi zambiri kumakhala mkati mwa malire otulutsa. Kuti athe kuthana ndi zomwe zimafunikira pamlingo womwewo, mafakitale ambiri amagalimoto amatengera njira yotulutsa mpweya wokwera kwambiri. Ngakhale njira imeneyi akhoza kukwaniritsa mfundo panopa umuna, koma zinyalala mpweya kwenikweni kuchepetsedwa umuna popanda mankhwala, ndi kuchuluka kwa mpweya zoipitsa kutayidwa ndi lalikulu thupi ❖ kuyanika mzere kungakhale mkulu ngati mazana a matani, zomwe zimayambitsa kuvulaza kwambiri mlengalenga.
Pofuna kuchepetsa utsi wa mpweya woipa, njira zingapo zothandizira gasi zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito limodzi pochiza, koma mtengo wamankhwala otulutsa mpweya wokhala ndi mpweya wambiri ndi wokwera kwambiri. Pakalipano, njira yokhwima yachilendo ndiyoyamba kuyang'ana kwambiri (ndi adsorption-desorption wheel kuti iwononge kuchuluka kwa nthawi pafupifupi 15), kuti muchepetse kuchuluka kwa mankhwala ochiritsira, ndikugwiritsanso ntchito njira yowononga kuchiza mpweya wotayirira wokhazikika. Pali njira zofananira ku China, njira yoyamba yogwiritsira ntchito adsorption (yoyambitsa kaboni kapena zeolite ngati adsorbent) chifukwa cha ndende yotsika, kutentha kwachipinda kutentha kutsitsi zinyalala za gasi adsorption, kutentha kwambiri kwa gasi, kuyaka kwa zinyalala pogwiritsa ntchito kuyaka kwa catalytic kapena njira yosinthira matenthedwe. chithandizo. Otsika ndende, yachibadwa kutentha kutsitsi utoto zinyalala gasi kwachilengedwenso mankhwala njira ikupangidwa, luso zoweta pakali pano si okhwima, koma m'pofunika kulabadira. Pofuna kuchepetsa kwenikweni kuipitsidwa kwa anthu kwa mpweya wotayirira, tiyeneranso kuthetsa vutoli kuchokera ku gwero, monga kugwiritsa ntchito makapu a electrostatic rotary ndi njira zina zowonjezeretsa kugwiritsira ntchito zokutira, chitukuko cha zokutira madzi. ndi zokutira zina zoteteza chilengedwe.
2Dringing zinyalala mankhwala
Kuyanika zinyalala mpweya ndi sing'anga ndi mkulu ndende ya mkulu kutentha zinyalala mpweya, oyenera kuyaka njira mankhwala. The kuyaka anachita ndi magawo atatu zofunika: nthawi, kutentha, chisokonezo, ndiko, kuyaka kwa 3T zinthu. Kuchita bwino kwa mankhwala owononga gasi ndikokwanira kuchuluka kwa momwe kuyaka kumayendera ndipo zimatengera kuwongolera kwa 3T komwe kumayendera. RTO imatha kuwongolera kutentha kwakuya (820 ~ 900 ℃) ndi nthawi yokhazikika (1.0 ~ 1.2s), ndikuwonetsetsa kuti kusokonezeka kofunikira (mpweya ndi zinthu zamoyo zikusakanikirana), kugwiritsa ntchito bwino kwamankhwala kumafika 99%, ndipo Kutentha kotayirira ndikokwera kwambiri, ndipo kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zamagetsi kumakhala kochepa. Mafakitale ambiri amagalimoto aku Japan ku Japan ndi China nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito RTO kuti athetse mpweya wowumitsa (zoyambira, zokutira zapakati, kuyanika malaya apamwamba). Mwachitsanzo, Dongfeng Nissan okwera galimoto Huadu ❖ kuyanika mzere ntchito RTO chapakati mankhwala ❖ kuyanika kuyanika utsi mpweya zotsatira ndi zabwino kwambiri, mokwanira kukwaniritsa zofunika malamulo umuna. Komabe, chifukwa chakuchulukirachulukira kwa nthawi imodzi kwa zida zopangira gasi wa RTO, sizotsika mtengo pakuwongolera gasi wowonongeka ndikuyenda kwa gasi wotayirira pang'ono.
Pa mzere wopanga zokutira womalizidwa, pamene zida zowonjezera zowonjezera gasi zikufunika, njira yoyatsira moto ndi njira yosinthira matenthedwe angagwiritsidwe ntchito. Dongosolo la kuyaka kothandizira lili ndi ndalama zochepa komanso kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zochepa.
Nthawi zambiri, kugwiritsa ntchito / platinamu ngati chothandizira kumatha kuchepetsa kutentha kwa oxidizing kwambiri organic zinyalala mpweya pafupifupi 315 ℃. Catalytic kuyaka dongosolo angagwiritsidwe ntchito ambiri kuyanika zinyalala mankhwala zinyalala, makamaka oyenera kuyanika magetsi ntchito nthawi Kutentha magetsi, vuto lilipo ndi mmene kupewa kulephera chothandizira poizoni. Kuchokera pazidziwitso za ena ogwiritsa ntchito, chifukwa cha penti yowumitsa zinyalala, pakuwonjezera kusefera kwa zinyalala ndi njira zina, zitha kuwonetsetsa kuti moyo wa chothandizira ndi zaka 3 ~ 5; Electrophoretic utoto kuyanika zinyalala gasi n'zosavuta kuyambitsa chothandizira poizoni, choncho mankhwala electrophoretic utoto kuyanika zinyalala mpweya ayenera kusamala pogwiritsa ntchito kuyaka catalytic. Mu ndondomeko ya mankhwala zinyalala gasi ndi kusintha kwa Dongfeng malonda galimoto ❖ kuyanika mzere mzere, zinyalala mpweya wa electrophoretic primer kuyanika mankhwala ndi RTO njira, ndi mpweya wotayidwa pamwamba kuyanika utoto amathandizidwa ndi chothandizira kuyaka njira, ndi zotsatira ntchito ndi zabwino.
※Njira yochizira gasi wopopera utoto wopaka utoto:
Kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa zinyalala gasi dongosolo makamaka ntchito kupenta kupenta zinyalala m'chipinda mankhwala zinyalala, mipando fakitale zinyalala gasi, makina opanga makina zinyalala mafuta zinyalala, guardrail fakitale mankhwala zinyalala gasi, kupanga magalimoto ndi galimoto 4S shopu kupopera penti zinyalala chipinda mankhwala zinyalala gasi. Pakalipano, pali njira zosiyanasiyana zochizira, monga: njira ya condensation, njira yoyamwitsa, njira yoyaka moto, njira yothandizira, njira ya adsorption, njira yachilengedwe ndi njira ya ion.
1. Wnjira ya ater spray + activated carbon adsorption ndi desorption + catalytic combustion
Kugwiritsa ntchito nsanja yopopera kuti muchotse nkhungu ya utoto ndi zosungunuka m'madzi, pambuyo pa fyuluta yowuma, mu chipangizo cha activated carbon adsorption, monga activated carbon adsorption, ndiye kuvula (kuvula njira ndi kuvula nthunzi, Kutentha kwa magetsi, kutulutsa nayitrogeni), pambuyo pa kuvula gasi (kuchuluka kwachulukira kangapo) pochotsa fani mu chipangizo chothandizira kuyaka, kuyaka mu carbon dioxide ndi madzi, pambuyo potulutsa.
2. Water spray + activated carbon adsorption ndi desorption + condensation recovery method
Kugwiritsa ntchito kutsitsi nsanja kuchotsa utoto nkhungu ndi sungunuka m'madzi zakuthupi, pambuyo youma fyuluta, mu adamulowetsa mpweya adsorption chipangizo, monga adamulowetsa mpweya adsorption zonse, ndiye kuti amavula (kuvula njira ndi nthunzi kuvula, Kutentha kwa magetsi, nayitrogeni kuvula), pambuyo pokonza zinyalala gasi adsorption ndende condensation, condensate ndi kupatukana kuchira zofunika organic kanthu. Njirayi imagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza gasi wowononga kwambiri, kutentha kochepa komanso mpweya wochepa. Koma njira iyi yopangira ndalama, kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zambiri, ndalama zogwirira ntchito, kupopera utoto wopopera mpweya wa "benzene atatu" ndi mpweya wina wotulutsa mpweya nthawi zambiri zimakhala zotsika kuposa 300 mg/m3, kutsika kochepa, kuchuluka kwa mpweya wambiri 100000), ndipo chifukwa ❖ kuyanika galimoto utsi organic zosungunulira zikuchokera, yobwezeretsanso zosungunulira n'kovuta kugwiritsa ntchito, ndi zosavuta kutulutsa yachiwiri kuipitsa, kotero ❖ kuyanika mu mankhwala zinyalala gasi zambiri musagwiritse ntchito njira imeneyi.
3. WAste gasi adsorption njira
Utsi wothira zinyalala gasi mankhwala adsorption akhoza kugawidwa mu mankhwala adsorption ndi thupi adsorption, koma "atatu benzene" zinyalala mpweya ntchito ndi otsika, nthawi zambiri musagwiritse ntchito mayamwidwe mankhwala. Madzi omwe amayamwa thupi amayamwa pang'ono, ndipo amayamwa zigawo zomwe zimalumikizana kwambiri kuti zitenthetse, kuziziziritsa ndikugwiritsanso ntchito kuwunikanso mayamwidwe. Njirayi imagwiritsidwa ntchito pochotsa mpweya, kutentha pang'ono, komanso kutsika kochepa. Kuyikako kumakhala kovuta, ndalamazo ndi zazikulu, kusankha kwamadzimadzi ndikovuta, pali kuipitsidwa kuwiri.
4. Activated carbon adsorption + UV photocatalytic oxidation zida
(1): mwachindunji kudzera adamulowetsa mpweya mwachindunji adsorption wa organic mpweya, kukwaniritsa mlingo kuyeretsedwa 95%, zida zosavuta, ndalama yaing'ono, ntchito yabwino, koma nthawi zambiri m'malo adamulowetsa mpweya, otsika ndende ya zoipitsa, palibe kuchira. (2) Njira ya Adsorption: organic gasi mu activated carbon adsorption, activated carbon saturated air desorption and regeneration.
5.Aactivated carbon adsorption + zida zotsika kwambiri za plasma
Pambuyo adamulowetsa mpweya adsorption choyamba, ndiye ndi otsika kutentha plasma zida processing zinyalala mpweya, adzachitira muyezo wa mpweya kumaliseche, ion njira ndi ntchito plasma Plasma (ION plasma) kuwonongeka kwa organic zinyalala mpweya, kuchotsa kununkha, kupha mabakiteriya, mavairasi, kuyeretsa. mpweya ndi apamwamba chatekinoloje kuyerekeza mayiko, akatswiri kunyumba ndi kunja amatchedwa imodzi mwa zinayi zazikulu sayansi chilengedwe sayansi m'zaka 21st. Chinsinsi chaukadaulo ndi kutulutsa kwamphamvu kwapakati pa voltage pulse medium block monga kuchuluka kwa okosijeni wa ion oxygen (plasma), kuyambitsa kwa mpweya, kutulutsa mitundu yonse ya ma radicals aulere, monga OH, HO2, O, ndi zina zambiri. ., benzene, toluene, xylene, ammonia, alkane ndi kuwonongeka kwa gasi wa zinyalala, makutidwe ndi okosijeni ndi zovuta zina zakuthupi ndi zamankhwala, komanso zopangidwa zomwe sizikhala ndi poizoni, zimapewa kuipitsidwa kwachiwiri. Ukadaulo umakhala ndi mawonekedwe otsika kwambiri ogwiritsira ntchito mphamvu, malo ang'onoang'ono, ntchito yosavuta ndi kukonza, ndipo ndi yoyenera kwambiri pochiza mipweya yamagulu osiyanasiyana.
Bmwachidule mwachidule:
Tsopano pali mitundu yambiri ya njira zochizira pamsika, kuti tikwaniritse miyezo yamankhwala adziko lonse komanso am'deralo, nthawi zambiri tidzasankha njira zingapo zamankhwala zophatikizidwira kuti tithane ndi gasi wonyansa, kusankha mogwirizana ndi njira yawo yeniyeni yochizira chithandizo.
Nthawi yotumiza: Dec-28-2022
